The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences has awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry 2025 jointly to Susumu Kitagawa, Richard Robson, and Omar M. Yaghi for their groundbreaking work in developing metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) — materials with vast internal surface areas that have revolutionised chemistry and materials science.

MOFs are crystalline compounds composed of metal ions linked by organic molecules, forming porous structures capable of storing gases, capturing carbon dioxide, and purifying water. Their discovery opened new frontiers in sustainable energy, environmental remediation, and advanced materials design.