Merriam-Webster, the oldest dictionary publisher in the US, has added around 1,400 new words and meanings to its dictionary, reflecting terms that have become widely used in recent years.

The latest additions include internet slang, food terms, cultural references and expressions linked to changing social trends, according to BBC.

Among them are glow-up, looksmaxxing, meme coin, trash panda and cuffing season.

Trash panda is an affectionate nickname for raccoons, while cuffing season refers to the period when single people look for romantic partners to spend the colder months with.

“The new entries reflect words and meanings that have demonstrated widespread use over time, offering a window into the world today,” Merriam-Webster said in a blog post.

Several food-related terms have also entered the dictionary. Superfood refers to foods considered particularly rich in nutrients, while bao means a stuffed steamed bun popular in Asia. Cake pop describes cake and icing served on a stick.

Some additions describe familiar cultural phenomena. Whack-a-mole refers to a situation where a new problem appears soon after a similar one has been dealt with. The Mandela effect describes a situation in which many people share the same false memory.

Other additions come from internet and technology culture.

Vibe coding refers to using an artificial intelligence system to generate computer code. Rickroll means tricking someone into listening to Rick Astley’s Never Gonna Give You Up. Parasocial describes a one-sided emotional connection, often between an audience member and a public figure.

The dictionary has also added uncanny valley, describing the unsettling feeling caused by something artificial that looks almost, but not quite, human.

Other new entries include:

• Chili crisp: A spicy, crunchy condiment made with oil and fried pieces of chilli, garlic or shallots.
• Yacht rock: A genre of soft rock that emerged in the 1970s.
• Shapewear: Tight clothing designed to shape and smooth the body.
• Sunday scaries: Feelings of anxiety or sadness as the weekend comes to an end.
• Crashout: A dramatic ending, defeat or emotional breakdown.
• Neckbeard: A beard extending across the chin and throat. The term can also refer, sometimes disparagingly, to a stereotypical computer enthusiast or misogynistic man.

Some terms are more specifically associated with American culture. California sober, for example, refers to using marijuana and/or alcohol while avoiding other drugs such as cocaine or methamphetamine.

Merriam-Webster is expected to announce its Word of the Year later this year.

In 2025, it chose slop, after expanding the word’s definition to include low-quality digital content produced, usually in large quantities, using artificial intelligenc